Back to the Library

September 2026 · 2 min read

What to Actually Buy

12 Ways to Invest

The full grid — from index funds to real estate to retirement accounts — laid out side by side.

Hey everyone,

"Investing" isn't one thing — it's a whole category of tools, and they all work differently. Here's the full grid, side by side, so you know what's actually out there before deciding what fits you.

01

Individual stocks

Owning a slice of one company. See what one share means.

02

ETFs

A basket of holdings in one tradeable share. See our full explainer.

03

Mutual funds

Similar to an ETF, but priced once daily and often actively managed with higher fees.

04

Index funds

A fund built to simply match an index, rather than beat it — usually the lowest-cost option available.

05

Bonds

Lending money to a government or company in exchange for regular interest payments and your principal back later.

06

Real estate

Directly owning property, or owning shares of one through a real estate investment trust (REIT).

07

Retirement accounts

Not an asset itself, but a tax-advantaged wrapper (like a Roth IRA) around any of these. See account types.

08

High-yield savings & CDs

Low-risk, low-return cash storage — the closest thing to "safe," but rarely enough to build wealth alone.

09

Options

Contracts that let you bet on a stock's future price. Higher risk and complexity — see our Options 101 course.

10

Cryptocurrency

Digital assets outside the traditional financial system, with meaningfully higher volatility than stocks or bonds.

11

Commodities

Physical goods like gold, oil, or agricultural products, often used to hedge against inflation.

12

Investing in yourself

Education, skills, and a business or career that raises your own earning power — often the highest-return option nobody counts.

Where to actually start

You don't need all 12. Most long-term portfolios are built primarily around index funds and ETFs, with everything else layered in selectively based on goals, timeline, and how much risk you're comfortable with. If you're not sure where you fall, our Investor Type Quiz is built exactly for that question, and our free courses cover the fundamentals behind each of these in plain language.

More soon,
Learn to Love Money